Dynamic Load Management (DLM) is a solution that monitors the power consumption of a charging installation and automatically distributes the available capacity between the charging stations. The goal is to ensure safe and stable operation without exceeding the limits of the electrical infrastructure.
What types of DLM exist?
Local load management with a main charger as controller
One charger acts as a hub and controls the power distribution to the satellite chargers. A site may have multiple hubchargers, but each hub typically supports around 15 satellites. Previously used by manufacturers such as KEBA and EVBox. This solution is outdated, inflexible, and mostly requires all chargers in the installation to be of the same type.
Local load management with a dedicated physical module
A separate module calculates and distributes power within the installation. This solution is still used by, for example, Garo and Schneider, but is not recommended because it depends on extra hardware, is less flexible, and is difficult to scale. It is recommended to phase out these systems.
Cloud-based load management
A modern solution that can run directly on native OCPP. Some manufacturers still use their own web portals that require a proxy for load control, making it harder to mix charger brands. Most manufacturers are working towards full support for native OCPP-based load management to increase flexibility.
Why is DLM needed?
DLM ensures that the charging installation operates safely and within the technical limits of the site. It prevents the system from exceeding fuse and circuit limits, which could otherwise cause tripped breakers and operational problems. DLM manages load variations when multiple chargers share the same capacity, preventing instability. It also enables installations to add more chargers without costly upgrades to the main electrical supply. Additionally, DLM can set limits on peak power usage to avoid exceeding the power tariff (demand charges), which can otherwise lead to substantial monthly costs. DLM also helps meet regulatory requirements for larger charging installations.
What are the benefits of DLM?
DLM provides stable and predictable operation without overloads. The available power is automatically distributed between chargers so that vehicles receive charging based on capacity and demand. The installation uses its capacity more efficiently, allowing vehicles to charge faster when other chargers are idle. It makes it possible to add more chargers without increasing the main fuse size and provides good control over power consumption to avoid unnecessary grid-fee costs. Cloud-based DLM also offers greater flexibility for expansion, replacement, and long-term operation.